Topic 1 - Introduction
oceanography, geological oceanography, physical oceanography,
chemical oceanography, biological oceanography,
Topic 2 - History of Oceanography
Minoans, Greeks, Phoenicians, Polynesians, stick maps,
coast markers/lighthouses, latitude, longitude, Captain Cook ,HMS Beagle, Meteor,
HMS Challenger,
Topic 3 - Evolution and Structure of the Earth
Solar System, Sun, Mercury, Venus, Earth,
Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune,
Pluto, Moon, terrestrial planets, jovian planets, meteor,
nebula, protoplanet, core, mantle, crust,
differentiation, silicate, lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere,
aesthenosphere, magnetic field, bar magnet,
Topic 4 - The Earth's Ocean Basins
wire-line or cable sounding, echo sounding, continental margin,
shelf, slope, rise, submarine canyon, trench,
mid-ocean ridge, fracture zone, seamount, oceanic plateau,
Topic 5 - Plate Tectonics
Alfred Wegener, Pangaea, Laurasia, Gondwana, Plate Tectonics,
Apparent Polar Wander, paleomagnetism, sea floor spreading,
continental drift, plate, convergent, divergent, conservative,
constructive, destructive, subduction, trench, convection,
Topic 6 - The Earth's Atmosphere and Heat Budget
atmosphere, oxygen, nitrogen, ozone, carbon dioxide,
water vapor, troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, convection,
thermosphere, insolation, Coriolis Effect, trades, easterlies,
westerlies, doldrums, Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), tropics, Greenhose Effect, heat,
Global Heat Budget, short-wavelength, long-wavelength,
sensible heat, evaporation,
Topic 7 - The Nature and Properties of Water
hydrosphere, hydrologic cycle, polar structure,
condensation, icecap, ground water, gas, evaporation,
liquid, solid, heat capacity, calorie, density,
viscosity, dissolved solids, salinity,
dissolved gases, equilibrium,
Topic 8 - Density and Temperature in the World's Oceans
seawater, mixing, freezing point, water mass, T,
water type, S, sT, thermohaline circulation,
Topic 9 - Ocean Waves and Tides
energy, ripples, refraction, fetch, wavelength,
crest, trough, period, spilling breaker, wave,
plunging breaker, current, littoral drift, rip, tsunami,
tide, gravity,
Topic 10 - Surface Ocean Circulation
western boundary current, eastern boundary current,
equatorial current, equatorial counter-current, upwelling,
Antarctic Circumpolar Current, divergence, convergence, wind-drift,
Gulf Stream, Kuroshio Current, Brazil Current,
Peru/Humbolt Current, Benguela Current, Somali Current,
cold-core ring, warm-core ring, Davidson counter-current,
Topic 11 - Deep Ocean Circulation
thermohaline circulation, water mass, North Atlantic Deep Water,
Antarctic Bottom Water, Mediterranean Intermediate Water,
Antarctic Intermediate Water, Red Sea Intermediate Water,
North Pacific Intermediate Water, global conveyer belt
Topic 12 - Weathering and Erosion
mineral, rock, diamond, graphite, polymorph, halite,
Moh's scale, igneous rock, sediment,
sedimentary rock, magma, metamorphic rock, rock cycle, weathering,
erosion, clay, soil
Topic 13 - Marine Sediments and Sedimentation
lithogenous, biogenous, hydrogenous, meteorite, red clay,
cosmogenous, gravel, sand, silt,
runoff, masswasting, traction, shelf, terrace,
trench,submarine canyon, slope, rise,
passive margin, active margin, landslide, mudflow,
turbidity current, ooze, deep sea fan, pelagic
Topic 14 - Coastal Environments and Beach Processes
sea level shelf delta tide beach
sea cliff barrier beach surf zone swash zone berm
pocket beach sea cave arch sea stack tombolo
longshore current bar spit hurricane groin
sea wall levee marsh flood plain estuary
lagoon fjord brackish
Topic 15 - Nutrients and Dissolved Gases in the World's Oceans
nutrient bacteria photosynthesis oxidize reduce
chlorophyll respiration nitrates bloom
Topic 16 - Biological Nomenclature
kingdom phylum class order family
genus species metaphytes metazoans Homo sapiens
protists bacteria invertebrate coral jelly fish
sea anemone sponge algae snail clam
octopus squid crab copepod barnacle
star fish sea urchin shark zooplankton kelp
diatom phytoplankton ray trophic level littoral
neritic pelagic photic euphotic aphotic
bathyl abyssal hadal biosphere ecosystem
environment community population plankton nekton
benthos benthic
Topic 17 - Trophic Relationships, Food Chains, and Webs
producer consumer chemosynthesis plant herbivore
carnivore scavenger omnivore filter feeder browser
deposit feeder predator food chain food web trophic level
biomass heterotroph autotroph
Topic 18 - Marine Biological Ecosystems
pelagic neritic phytoplankton diatoms foraminifera
zooplankton copepods krill schooling whale
sea lion seal sea otter epifauna infauna
sessile benthic cold seeps hydrothermal vents
Topic 19 - Coral Reef Ecosystems
coral reef turbidity hypersaline colonial symbiosis
oysters fringing reef atoll barrier reef guyot
coralline algae
Topic 21 - Paleoclimate/Paleoceanography
climate ENSO Little Ice Age proxy fossil
decadal variability isotope insolation extinction
Milankovich Cycles glacial period interglacial period
Topic 20 - California Continental Borderland
basin sill anoxic upwelling oil seeps
oxygen minimum laminated sediment pollution
ocean dumping
Topic 22 - Natural Resources
natural resource mineral resource renewable resource
non-renewable resource reserves conditional reserves
fossil fuels oil coal natural gas ores
hydrothermal deposits metals demand remote sensing
energy resources hydrocarbon trap
source reservoir geothermal power nuclear power
Topic 23 - Pollution
hazardous material trace metal fluoride
radioactive waste sewage landfill recycling dumping
primary treatment secondary treatment tertiary treatment